Fractional thermolysis (fractional) is a method of laser "remodeling" of the face and body, which helps to deal with age-related and stressful skin problems.
This procedure is almost as effective as surgical braces and, after thermolysis, skin cells begin to actively produce collagen and elastin in youth, i. e. beneficial changes occur in several layers simultaneously and not just in the outer epidermis.
The procedure is very effective but at the same time traumatic. It can be performed only in specialized clinics.
What is it - fractional photothermolysis, what is the essence of the method and effectiveness, indications and contraindications for procedures on the face and body using fraxel technology, before and after photos, results and reviews about the laser procedure, estimated prices and what devices are. Used - all this we will try to tell you more.
General Information
Thermolysis involves the process of structural destruction of tissue under the influence of high temperatures. The concept was created and mediated by doctors, and then used by cosmetologists.
And photothermolysis is also a process of thermolysis, but it is caused by exposure to light energy. Used in cosmetology for photoepilation and laser "remodeling" of scars and scars.
Fractional photothermolysis is a technique in which photothermolysis does not affect the entire surface of the skin, but only its individual areas. This means that we can talk about the focal destruction of tissues with the help of laser (light) energy.
The essence of the procedure and other names
The fractional photothermolysis procedure is classified as a means of negative skin stimulation, since certain types of damage are used during the session, in this case burns.
To achieve the expected cosmetic result, you need to start the regeneration process that restores the skin after damage.
This type of thermal burn is like a "pillar" that is generated in the thickness of the dermis under the targeted action of laser beams. This "column" is called the "microscopic treatment zone" in cosmetology, or MLZ for short.
In diameter, they can not reach more than one tenth of a millimeter: about 0. 1 to 0. 4 mm, penetration depth to 0. 5 mm. Depending on the type of procedure chosen, tens to several thousand such microtraumas can be placed on one square centimeter of the surface, with an impact velocity of 3000 mL / s.
If we analyze the mechanism of action of fractional photothermolysis, then it is similar to mesoscopic therapy, but when using a roller the microdermabrasion is applied mechanically using needles.
In cosmetology practice, the concept of fractional thermolysis has several commonly used synonyms:
- Optical thermolysis of the skin;
- DOT therapy;
- Fractional laser "polishing";
- LAFT rejuvenation;
- Fractional laser nanosurgery;
Ablative and non-ablative method
Laser ablation is the evaporation of a substance using a laser pulse. When using ablation fractional photothermolysis, select the type of laser radiation whose energy is mostly absorbed by water molecules.
During short-term exposure to the localized area, the laser beam almost immediately heats the water in the tissues to 300C. As a result, the entire "column" evaporates and an open microscopic wound forms in its place, surrounded by layers of thermally condensed cells.
Recovery after ablative photothermolysis will be much slower and longer than with the non-ablative method.
But the results of the procedure will be objectively better, and the lifting effect will be even clearer. It is best to use a course of 2 to 6 sessions. But during such procedures the patient is exposed to a certain risk of tissue infection in the deeper layers of the skin.
Non-ablative fractional thermolysis may be attributed to a more gentle microtrauma technique. A laser beam is used, which practically does not damage the epidermis, burns occur under it.
Destroyed tissues do not evaporate, but remain within the "column", naturally there are no open wounds. Lifting is not as obvious as the first ablation method, as the breakdown products were not removed during the procedure, which means that there is no effect of "tightening" the skin.
It is recommended to use courses from 3 to 10 sessions. There is virtually no risk of infection of the deep layer of the skin for the patient as long as there is no violation of the surface integrity.
Testimonials, effects
Scheduling procedures using Fraxel technology can be for the following reasons:
- The need to stimulate faded and aged skin;
- Treatment of pigmented / depigmented lesions;
- Get rid of scars, acne further and small scars;
- The need to remove stretch marks.
Not suitable for removing keloid formations.
Advantages
How is this method different from classic laser polishing? Burns with the traditional approach damage a large area, while localized by fractional impact and have a point character.
Between burn injuries are spaces with pristine skin, which makes photothermolysis less traumatic and accelerates healing time.
The method is suitable for treating any part of the body, but in most cases is used specifically for the face. Using Fraxel technology, a cosmetologist can even work on the skin of the eyelids.
The peculiarity of this optical thermolysis of the dermis is the innovative design of the DOT device itself, which makes it possible to avoid skipping areas of skin or overlapping one area over another.
Mechanism of action
During the preliminary consultation, the cosmetologist sets the goals that the client wants to achieve, identifies possible contraindications to the procedure, talks about possible results and their compliance with the client's expectations.
The doctor will definitely make a point about the risks and development of further procedural complications, as well as how to care for the skin after undergoing a course of photothermolysis.
It is necessary to consider in advance and choose an analgesic method and the client should definitely report allergic reactions to the medication, if any.
A few hours before the session, a superficial peel is performed, which aims to equalize the thickness of the corneal layer of the skin.
During surgery, the patient may experience moderate pain and discomfort. Their severity can in no way depend on the model of the apparatus used. Pain levels are based on the depth and intensity of the laser beam, and these parameters are determined by the therapist himself, focused on therapeutic goals.
The more neglected the problem, the deeper the layers should be affected.
But usually, conventional creams with anesthetic effect are used for anesthesia, which are applied to the workplace for a maximum of 40 minutes before the start of the session.
During the session, the cosmetologist moves a nozzle to the surface that emits a targeted laser beam. If such a need arises, then the same precinct is repeatedly processed under the same procedure.
Duration from 15 minutes to 1 hour. It all depends on how much leather is processed. After completion of fractional photothermolysis, a cream with a soothing effect is applied to the "polished" surface.
To achieve the desired result it is necessary to conduct a course of several procedures - from 3 to 10, depending on the type of exposure chosen. You can have a session once a month.
Recommendations (training and rehabilitation)
The patient should start a prophylactic course of antibiotics and antivirals a few days before the scheduled procedure. Naturally, if there is objective evidence of this.
On the day of fractional photothermolysis, a person should abstain from alcohol and abstain from sports altogether.
The recovery process after the non-ablation photothermolysis procedure lasts up to three days, after the ablation type - at least one week.
If the "polishing" was based on ablation, then the patient will have redness, swelling, burning sensation and discomfort for a few more days.
After consulting a specialist, you can apply cooling compresses or apply local analgesics to the skin, which are available in spray form.
After at least three days, the color of the "polished" dermis may change slightly. For example, it may become pseudo-tanned due to increased decomposition of pigment-containing debris from previously necrotic cells.
Dryness will appear, peeling will begin and the person may even experience itching for a short time. All these manifestations are not dangerous and will pass by themselves in about a week. Itching of the skin is strictly forbidden!
In order for post-Fraxel rehabilitation to go smoothly, you need to follow a few basic recommendations:
- You need to take care of your skin and be sure to apply the recommended external products. In most cases, these are medications prescribed to treat thermal burns and moisturizing sprays;
- The crust that forms on the surface of wound healing should not be removed artificially, only a natural fall;
- If the patient was taking antimicrobial and antiviral drugs before the procedure, then their course should be continued according to the instructions;
- In order not to develop hyperpigmentation, it is necessary to isolate the treated skin from direct sunlight for at least a month. Usually use sunscreen SPF 40+;
- The use of scrubs and other mechanical methods of cleansing the skin is prohibited during the recovery period.
Possible side effects and complications
Although fractional photothermolysis is one of the most modern and safe methods, it also has a number of side effects:
- Bacterial infection, development of streptoderma or staphyloderma;
- Erythema that lasts for more than three days;
- Swelling on the surface of the treated skin for more than two days;
- Hyperpigmentation in the post-inflammatory period;
- Appearance of burn blisters, erosive cracks;
- HSV1 or acne exacerbation;
- Microscopic bruises under the skin.
Contraindications (general and local)
Fractional photothermolysis is not performed with the following general contraindications:
- Oncological tumors;
- Breastfeeding period;
- HSV1 and HSV2 in the acute stage;
- Infectious diseases;
- Chronic diseases at the stage of manifestation;
- Any type of diabetes;
- Cardiovascular system defects and failure;
- Disorders of the organs of the hematopoietic system, poor blood clotting;
- The presence of autoimmune diseases;
- Tendency to form keloid-type deep scars;
- Status epilepticus or convulsive syndrome;
- Mental disorders;
- Taking isotretinoin for six months;
- Last tan or visit to the solarium.
And the following local contraindications:
- All inflammatory processes are localized in the designated work area;
- Violation of skin integrity;
- Any neoplasm of unknown origin;
- Dry skin cleansing or any other procedure that may damage the skin.
Where and on what devices it is held, estimated prices
The cost of a single fractional procedure depends on the area treated, so the estimated prices for making a fractional laser surface vary.
Only qualified specialists can conduct photothermolysis sessions in a cosmetology hospital.
CO2 or erbium laser devices are used for the fractional rejuvenation procedure itself. Usually beauty salons do not have the necessary equipment and trained staff.
The use of lasers for cosmetic purposes is still controversial. As it may be, laser beam based procedures are the most popular, effective and safe.
Reviews
We invite you to read some reviews about fractional laser rejuvenation of facial skin:
- First Review: "I am 35 years old. Went to 2 sessions of fractional photothermolysis. The second visit took place 30 days after the first visit. As a result, I noticed that my pores were usually slightly enlarged, tightened and the skin on my forehead and cheeks looked more even. I was satisfied. "The only thing that bothered me was the peeling that appeared after the second visit. But after three days it disappeared without a trace. Now I look in the mirror and enjoy my faces. "
- Second review: "I want to tell you my impression of this method because I felt a positive result. After three procedures I noticed that my face was shiny, pigmented spots were shining on some parts of the face, the scars appeared less noticeable on the head and the skin was tightened. These changes did not occur all at once, but gradually. About 4 months later I started to look 5-6 years younger than my age. I advise everyone who cares about themselves to try this wonderful thing.
- Third review: "I was very afraid of such procedures, I think they will have more undesirable results than pros. However, when the first wrinkles appeared, the idea of a "magic transformation of the skin" began to appear in my head more and more often. So I decided to have a photothermolysis session. Faded, face color became lighter, contour tightened. I generally liked the effect. I will use this procedure again if necessary.
- Fourth review: "I consider this method indispensable for any woman who wants to stay young and attractive. I discovered something new for myself and was immensely satisfied. There are many positive moments and all of them are reflected on my face: fine wrinkles and pigmentation are gone, the skin is not so flaky, there are fewer inflammations and most importantly, I like myself more. I would like to advise everyone to love themselves, not to save beauty and use effective procedures to maintain youth.